Smart optical fabric & devices - bell labs | Crypto. Currency. Mining. Report

Future smart network fabric
Operating optical systems near to the Shannon limit
Beyond condition-of-the-art optical line rates
Future smart network fabric
Operating optical systems near to the Shannon limit
Beyond condition-of-the-art optical line rates
Spatial optical multiplexing
New datacenter communication architectures
Smart Car Crash Test #TBT- Fifth Gear

Brought by Tod Sizer

The IP and Optical Network research lab designs the way forward for optical communications to satisfy future demands of applications that have yet to be invented. We push the condition-of-the-art in optical and electrical communications in physics, materials science, math, software and optics to produce new systems that adjust to altering conditions and go beyond today’s limitations.

Future smart network fabric

We are able to approach the theoretical maximum information transfer rates, as understood to be the Shannon Limit, discovered in 1948 by Claude Shannon, Bell Labs pioneer and “father of knowledge theory”. An important enabler for optimal transmission is a great network fabric. Our research in this region includes:

Superchannels – the mixture of multiple optical carriers developing one greater-capacity funnel, overcoming bandwidth limitation of today’s electronics and optoelectronics.
Software defined transponders – the effective use of programmable digital-to-analog ripper tools (DAC) and analog-to-digital ripper tools (ADC) technology and coherent receivers to allow flexible high-speed transport systems utilizing high-order Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) to evolve transmission capacity.
Rate adaptivity – the opportunity to trade convenience of transmission achieve and spectral efficiency, typically implemented by altering modulation formats from BPSK, QPSK to n-QAM.

Operating optical systems near to the Shannon limit

A stylish method for n-QAM based optical systems would be to change the prospect of occurrence of constellation points inside a fixed constellation, or Probabilistic Constellation Shaping (Computers), which modifies the probability that constellation points – the alphabet from the transmission – are utilized. Typically, all constellation points are utilized with similar frequency. Computers cleverly uses constellation points rich in amplitude less often than individuals with lesser amplitude to deliver signals which are more resilient to noise along with other impairments. Reducing the prospect of occurrence of outer constellation points e.g. inside a 64-QAM constellation in the typically equal probable situation will lessen the transmission rate by having an arbitrary fine granularity with very little changes towards the signal processing.

Probabilistic Constellation Shaping is a focus of research activities in this region, driven largely by Bell Labs. Computers in optical transport systems achieves greater transmission capacity more than a given funnel to enhance considerably the spectral efficiency of optical communications. With proper choice of the probability distribution from the constellation points we could operate nearer to the Shannon limit compared to traditional unshaped constellations. For example utilizing a formed 64-QAM in the same rate like a conventional 16-QAM constellation will yield an 1 dB SNR improvement, which is the same as a achieve increase of approximately 25%.

Beyond condition-of-the-art optical line rates

We investigate solutions for high optical channels utilizing a single optical carrier with beyond condition-of-the-art systems of 100-200 Gbit/s. We glance at high-speed electronic multiplexers or converters at the synthesis of high-speed electrical modulation signals by concatenating multiple DAC outputs.

Brought by Tod Sizer

Future smart network fabric

Superchannels – the mixture of multiple optical carriers developing one greater-capacity funnel, overcoming bandwidth limitation of today’s electronics and optoelectronics.
Software defined transponders – the effective use of programmable digital-to-analog ripper tools (DAC) and analog-to-digital ripper tools (ADC) technology and coherent receivers to allow flexible high-speed transport systems utilizing high-order Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) to evolve transmission capacity.
Rate adaptivity – the opportunity to trade convenience of transmission achieve and spectral efficiency, typically implemented by altering modulation formats from BPSK, QPSK to n-QAM.

Operating optical systems near to the Shannon limit

Beyond condition-of-the-art optical line rates

Within the latter approach, we achieved PAM signal generation at 190 GBaud symbol rates by having an all electronic 100-GHz Bandwidth Digital-to-Analog Ripper tools. We shown the very first all-digitally time division multiplexed (ETDM) transponder having a line rate exceeding 1Tb/s (90 GBaud PDM 64-QAM), utilizing a novel 3-bit multiplexing DAC circuit. And taking advantage of recent electronic ripper tools technology we shown an archive single-funnel line rate for digitally multiplexed signals, 1.2-Tbit/s polarization-multiplexed coherent transmission experiment over 300 km of fiber.

Spatial optical multiplexing

With classical optical technologies like DWDM, coherent optical transport systems using greater-order of QAM modulation single fibre systems with petabit/s capacity over large transmission distances can’t be recognized. We’re searching at optical transmission of parallel channels inside a couple of-mode and multi-mode fibre or higher multi-core fibre to ensure that we are able to realize a scalable solution once the entire spectral domains of classical single-mode fibers as well as optical amplifiers are exhausted. Our reserach has concentrated on analysis of parallel optical transport schemes either by utilizing several modes of couple of-mode or multimode fibres as well as with of multi-core fibres which exhibit pretty much coupling between your core.

Different methods to spatial optical multiplexing: parallel transmission over over multi-core fibres (left) or couple of-mode optical fibres (right). Optical multiplexing and demultiplexing can be carried out by optical devices (optical lanterns based or phase-plates Fan-In/Fan-Out device). MIMO processing may be used for crosstalk cancellation.

We’re researching optical multiplexing and demultiplexing components, optical multi-core amplifier and parallel fibre transmission to attain transmission with multi-peta-bit capacity. For example we’ve accomplished 138 Tbit/s transmission over 6 spatial modes, 2 polarizations, and 120 wave length channels transporting 16-QAM signals, over 650 km couple of-mode fiber, using low insertion and mode-dependent loss mode-selective photonic lanterns.

New datacenter communication architectures

Centralized data centers (Electricity) emerged within the 2010s as the most crucial switching and processing centers for applications in enterprise and social communications. We predict future applications, including ‘Industry 4.0’, telemedicine, and autonomous transport to depend on considerably faster information systems, with far greater data volumes than today’s applications, and ultra-low latency needs. This future Edge Cloud will require a good network fabric supporting high capacity and occasional latency.

Our datacenter research addresses flexible adaptive network architectures, efficient interconnection of distributed small DCs by new flexible optical transport systems, flexible adaptive data transport and efficient use of fiber infrastructure that is generally referred to as data-center-interconnect (DCI).